Sail-boat.



No. 647,703. Patented Apr. I7, 1900.

J. P. POOL.

SAIL BOAT.

[Application filed June 10, 1899.)

f" k I (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet I.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR KWWZ w,

ATTORN EYS No. 647,703. Patehted Apr. I7, 1900.

' .1. P. POOL.

SAIL BUAT.

0 (Application filed June 10, 1899.)

2 SheetsSheet 2,

b Model.)

UNITED STATES FFICEQ JAMES nrooL, on NEW YORK, N. Y;

S AlL-BOAT.

SPECIFICATION forming ea of Letters Patent No. 647,703, dated April 17, 1 sod.

Serial No. 720,050. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

I .Be it known that I, JAMES P. POOL, a citizen ofthe United States, residing in the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York, county of I Kings, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sail Boats, of which the following is such a full,

clear, and exact description as will enable any one skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had 7 to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in a sail-boat; and the principal object of inven tion is to cause the deck of the boat -,to always he maintained in a levelposition while the boatis under way; and a further object is to increase the speed of the boat.

To these ends my invention consists in the various novel and peculiar arrangements and combinations of the several parts of the apparatus, all as hereinafter fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

I have illustrated types of my invention in the accompanying drawings, wherein-- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved boat, the end floats of which and the fin are set at about an angle of thirty degrees to the center line of the boat. Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on a plane indicated by tge line 2 2, Fig. 1, and shows the end float pivoted beneath the platform-deck. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the boat shown in Fig. 1. Fig. i is a side elevation of the central float detached.

, shape, so that they otter more resistance to the water laterally than endwi'se, and from the upper side of the float projects a pivot-shaft 5,which extends up through an opening 6 in the deck-platform 2. This pivot-shaft is provided with ball-bearings 7, and between the float and the platform-deck there are also located suitable ball-bearings S'to reduce the friction in turning the float, which may be turned entirely around on its shaft. Centrally of the platform-deck 2 is located another float 9, which in plan view is circular, and this central float is likewise provided with a central stem 10, which projects up through the platform-deck, and ball-bearings are also provided for this shaft 10 between the platform-deck and the float, the same as in the case of the end floats. This central float is provided with a fin 11, which extends across the under side thereof from one side to the other and presents considerable lateral surface for'the purpose of steering the heat. This central float 9 may likewise be turned completely around on its axis, so as to adjust the fin 11 to any angular position. The shaft 10 of the central float 9 is pro- Vided with a sprocket-wheel 12, which is engaged by a chain 13, the ends of which are connected with a cable 14, passing around a horizontal wiuding-drum 15, having a hand steering-wheel 16 for turning the same. The cableslat are passed around suitable guidepulleys 17, and the arrangementis such that by turning the wheel in one direction one part of the cable is taken up while the other is let off, so that the chain is thereby pulled in one direction'to turn the sprocket-wheel and there by adjust the fin 11 in the angular position desired. While the fin 11 in the construction shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4 is secured to the central float, so that its angular adjustment depends on the turning of the float, I propose to have the fin l1 adjustable independently of the float. The shaft 10 of the central float is also provided with alarge chain-wheel 18, which is engaged upon twooppositc sides by an endless chain 13, which at its ends passes around chain-wheels 20 and 21, respectively, which are carried upon the shafts of the end floats. liy this arrangement the steeringwheel 10 is made to control simultaneously the movements olithc fin andthe end floats, which parts move in response to each other and each assumes the same angular position, as will be understood from Fig. 1.

Upon the platform-deck 2 is secured in fixed position the mast 22, which in Figs. 1and3is shown as beingloeated ainidships. The foot of the mast is shown as set in a suitable stand central float 9. This mast is providedwith fixed booms 24 and 25, lying in the same plane.

. wise braced by means of stays 3i and 32, exitending from similar pieces 33 and 34. The sails 35 and 36 are each secured by their lower ends to the respective booms 24 and 25, while their upper ends are attached to ropes 37 and 38, which are passed over pulleys 39, fixed upon the cross-arm 26, so that each sail may be raised and lowered, andwvhen raised the ropes are secured to belaying-cleats '39 and 40 for holding the sail taut. 'loprevent the ;,:sail from bellying, an intermediate crossarm 41 may be used, as indicated in dotted lines. Thus it will be seen that the sail isalways maintained in a plane crosswise of the boat, and as this relative position is never altered the line of travel of the boat' is determined byand is coincident with the plane in which the fin 11 is adjusted.

Referring to Fig. 1, I have indicated by the arrow XV at the lower right hand of the figure the direction of the wind, while at the upper right-hand end of the figure the arrow D indicates the direction in which the boat is to move. Under this condition the fin l1 and likewise the end floats 3 and tare turned by the steering-gear and are set in the angular position in whichthe boat is to move. The. wind striking upon the fixed sail tends to force the boat in the direction of its longitudinal axis; but the fin ll being set at an angle to such axis it therebyof'fers sufficient resistance to the water to prevent the boat moving endwise and to compel it to move in a line coincident with the plane of the fin. The boat itself when thus going across the wind moves somewhat diagonally compared with its length. The end floats being'ohlong also tend to direct the boat the same as the fin, and, if desired, these floats may be made still more effective in this capacity by providing each with a longitudinal -fin. 4

ln turning the boat around the sail is hauled in upon one side of the mast, and the-wind striking the sail upon the opposite side of the mast will force the boat around, the rudder at the san'ie time being thrown around in the direction in which the boat is turned.

\Vhen the sail is taken in byloosening the ropes 37 and 38, they may be furled around their respective booms 24 and 25, though, if

preferred,tho rigging may be so constructed as to furl the sails laterall y against the mast.

The part which I have termed the fin 11 has the functions of an ordinary.rudder as well as those of an ordinary centerboard. It

differs, however, from a mere rudder in that the direction of travel of the boat must necessarily be on a line coincident with the plane at which the fin 11 is set.

From the foregoing description it will be readily seen that by my improved construction of sail-boat the vessel is enabled to withstand a very stiff wind withoutliability of capsizing. Moreover, as a large sail area/can be presentechat the same time the deck of the boat being maintained practically level, a great speed can be attained. Of course the floats may be madein any desired shape and in any well-known manner, and instead of being air-tight vessels,as shown, they may be open and may be used for storage or cabin accommodation.

I wish to be understood as not limiting my invention to the specific forms herewith set forth, as various modifications may be made in the same withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention.

Instead of having the-fin located amidships, as I have shown, it may be placed at any part of the boat, and when located at the stern it will act to direct the movement of the boat in the same plane as the fin itself. In carrying out my invention I contemplate using an ordinary rudder, which when placed forward\ of the stern will act in the same manner as the double-winged fin 11 herewith shown.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-

1. The combination of aboat provided with a sail adapted to be set in a fixed position in a; plane crosswise of the boat, and a 'fin depending from the boat and adjustable angularly about a vertical axis and giving lateral resistance 'to the water, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination of a sailboat having one or more floats pivotedon vertical axes and adapted to offer more resistance to the water in one direction than in the direction at right angles thereto, means for adjusting the said floats angular-l y on their pivotal axes in the same angular positions, whereby the direction of the line of travel of the boat may be determi-heil by the angular positions of the said floats, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

23. The combination of .a sail-boat having one or more floats pivoted on vertical axes and adapted to offer more resistance to the water in one direction than in the direction at rightangles thereto, a movable fin angularly adjustable about a vertical axis,- and means for adjusting the said floats and the movablefin in the same angular positions, re-

spectively, substantially asand for thepur- I at right angles-thereto, a pivoted'fin angularl'y'adjnstable, about a vertical axisand giving laterallresistance to the water, a steerlug-gear eonnectedwith said floats and said pivoted'iln adapted to simultaneously move each of the same into the same angular adjustment, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. h

5. The combination of a sail-boat having a float pivoted on a vertical axis at each end thereof and angularly adjustable about such vertical axis and adapted to offer more resistance t0 the Water in one direction than in a direction at right angles thereto, a float 10 eated between said end floats, a fin giving lateral resistance to the water and angularly adjustable about a vertical axis, said fin being located beneath said intermediate float, and means for adjusting said fin angularly, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination of a sail-boat havinga pivoted float adjustable angularly about a vertical axis, a fin depending from said fioat and giving lateral resistance to the water, and means for adjusting said float angularly on its axis whereby the direction in which the boat travels is always parallel with the 'verti-,

ings, and means for adjusting the floats angularly on their axes, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, this 7th day of June, 1899, in pres-, enee of the two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES P. POOL.

- Witnesses:

EDWARD W. STARR, WILLIs FOWLER. 

